Pendant: Mask, Ikoko

Pende, Dem. Rep. of Congo
Early 20th c.

The Central Pende are known for creating miniature replicas of their ceremonial masks, often worn as protective pendants. Aluminum versions, such as this one, are extremely rare. These pendants were crafted by professional sculptors and were likely worn for spiritual protection, personal empowerment, or status display.

Aluminum was not traditionally used in Pende metalwork, as pre-colonial African societies primarily worked with copper, brass, and iron. However, by the early 20th century, aluminum became more accessible through trade and colonial industries. Much of it was sourced from repurposed materials, such as scrap metal from industrial or military goods introduced by European traders and colonial administrations. Its light weight, resistance to corrosion, and bright, silvery appearance made it an attractive material for jewelry and adornments.

This rare pendant exemplifies the adaptability of Pende artisans, who incorporated new materials while maintaining the cultural and artistic traditions of their people.